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A Câmara dos Deputados da Itália aprovou nesta terça-feira (20/5) a lei que restringe o o à cidadania italiana por direito de sangue (jus sanguinis). A medida, já aprovada pelo Senado, torna-se definitiva e altera a legislação de 1992, que até então permitia o reconhecimento da cidadania sem limite de gerações.
Com a nova regra, apenas filhos e netos de italianos nascidos fora do país poderão solicitar a cidadania automaticamente. Para ser elegível, é necessário que o ascendente — pai, mãe, avô ou avó — possua ou tenha possuído exclusivamente a cidadania italiana no momento da morte. Aqueles com ascendentes que adquiriram outra nacionalidade, como a brasileira, ficam excluídos do direito automático.
Além disso, a lei estabelece que a transmissão da cidadania só será possível se o genitor tiver residido na Itália no mínimo menos dois anos consecutivos após adquirir a cidadania e antes do nascimento do filho.
A medida deve afetar diretamente milhões de descendentes de italianos, especialmente no Brasil, onde se estima haver cerca de 30 milhões. Os processos protocolados antes de 28 de março de 2025 não serão impactados pelas novas regras.
O governo italiano justificou a mudança como forma de conter o grande volume de pedidos vindos da América do Sul e de evitar a “comercialização de aportes”. Durante a votação, o deputado Giovanni Maiorano, do partido Irmãos da Itália, afirmou que a norma busca impedir “a venda da cidadania italiana”.
A nova legislação já está em vigor e aplica-se a todos os processos iniciados a partir de 28 de março de 2025.
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