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A Starlink, empresa de internet via satélite de Elon Musk, está no centro de um debate sobre soberania digital e regulamentação das big techs, pauta levantada pelo ministro Alexandre de Moraes, do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF).
Moraes afirmou na terça-feira (11) que a iniciativa representa um “projeto de poder”, permitindo à empresa expandir seus serviços sem estar sujeita às legislações nacionais. Segundo ele, até o momento, o Brasil mantém sua soberania digital porque as big techs dependem de antenas locais, mas a internet via satélite pode mudar esse cenário.
O avanço da Starlink e a regulação nacional
Em um evento sobre democracia e comunicação digital promovido pela Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV), Moraes destacou que as decisões judiciais contra redes sociais, como a suspensão do X e da plataforma de vídeos Rumble, foram possíveis porque os serviços ainda dependem da infraestrutura nacional. No entanto, com os satélites de baixa órbita da Starlink, Musk poderia operar sem precisar das antenas brasileiras, dificultando ações regulatórias.
Atualmente, a empresa tem cerca de 200 mil usuários no Brasil, mas projeta alcançar 30 milhões, o que, segundo Moraes, pode representar um desafio para a aplicação das leis nacionais. “Se a reação não for forte agora, vai ser muito difícil conter depois”, alertou o ministro.
O embate com as big techs
O ministro também criticou o papel das grandes empresas de tecnologia na política global. Segundo ele, as big techs não são neutras e utilizam seus algoritmos para influenciar questões econômicas, ideológicas e políticas. Moraes defendeu uma regulamentação mais rígida e argumentou que, enquanto isso não acontece, o Judiciário precisa interpretar e aplicar as leis existentes ao ambiente digital.
O tema da regulação de redes sociais e plataformas digitais vem ganhando força no Brasil e em outros países. No caso da Starlink, a questão se torna ainda mais complexa, pois envolve infraestrutura de telecomunicações que opera fora dos limites tradicionais da legislação nacional.
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